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Introduction to Java

Swap Two Numbers Without Temp - Java Program

Java 
public class SwapWithoutTemp {


    public static void main(String[] args) {


 


        int a = 10;


        int b = 20;


 


        System.out.println("Before Swapping:");


        System.out.println("a = " + a);


        System.out.println("b = " + b);


 


        // Swapping without temp variable (using addition and subtraction)


        a = a + b;  // a becomes 30


        b = a - b;  // b becomes 10


        a = a - b;  // a becomes 20


 


        System.out.println("\nAfter Swapping:");


        System.out.println("a = " + a);


        System.out.println("b = " + b);


    }


}

Output

 
OUTPUT 1:
Before Swapping:
a = 10
b = 20

After Swapping:
a = 20
b = 10

Explanation (Step-by-Step)

Let

  • a = 10
  • b = 20

Step 1 — Add both numbers

a = a + b;

Now:

  • a = 30
  • b = 20

Step 2 — Subtract old b from new a

b = a - b;

Now:

  • b = 10 (original value of a)
  • a = 30

Step 3 — Subtract new b from new a

a = a - b;

Now:

  • a = 20 (original value of b)
  • b = 10

✅ Values are successfully swapped without temp variable.

 

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