Java Programs

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Introduction to Java

Format output using printf() specifiers - Java Program

public class PrintfFormatting {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
 
        int age = 25;
        double salary = 45678.9876;
        String name = "Anand Rao";
 
        System.out.printf("Name: %s\n", name);                    // String formatting
        System.out.printf("Age: %d years\n", age);                // Integer formatting
        System.out.printf("Salary: %.2f USD\n", salary);          // Floating value with 2 decimals
        System.out.printf("Salary (10 width): %10.2f USD\n", salary); // Right-aligned with width
        System.out.printf("Hex of age: %x\n", age);               // Integer in hexadecimal
        System.out.printf("Percentage: %.1f%% completed\n", 75.0); // Printing % symbol
    }
}
 

 
OUTPUT :
Name: Anand Rao
Age: 25 years
Salary: 45678.99 USD
Salary (10 width):   45678.99 USD
Hex of age: 19
Percentage: 75.0% completed

Explanation of Code

✅ printf() → Formatted Output

Java’s System.out.printf() prints formatted text similar to C’s printf().

General syntax:

printf("format specifier", values);

✅ Common Format Specifiers Used

✅ Line-by-Line Explanation

String formatting

System.out.printf("Name: %s\n", name);

• Replaces %s with the string stored in name.

Integer formatting

System.out.printf("Age: %d years\n", age);

• %d prints integers.

Floating point with 2 decimals

System.out.printf("Salary: %.2f USD\n", salary);

• .2 → two digits after the decimal.

Right aligned float with width

System.out.printf("Salary (10 width): %10.2f USD\n", salary);

• Total width = 10 characters
• Right aligned by default
• Keeps 2 decimal places

Hexadecimal formatting

System.out.printf("Hex of age: %x\n", age);

• Converts integer → hexadecimal.

Printing % symbol

System.out.printf("Percentage: %.1f%% completed\n", 75.0);

• Use %% to print a literal percent sign.